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Shurūṭ al-Ṣalāh (Conditions of Validity)

Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Legal Theory)Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah

What must hold before the prayer is valid: ritual purity, entered time, facing the qiblah, and covering the ʿawrah.

Dimension I

Definition

What it is — and what it is not

What it is
  • S1In the Sacred Law — The pre-conditions that must hold before and throughout the prayer for it to be valid. [1.1]
What it is not
  • S2Not the integral acts themselves (arkān); conditions are prerequisites, pillars are parts.
Attributes
  • S3What they include — Ritual purity; cleanliness of body, clothes, and place; entered time; facing the qiblah; covering the ʿawrah; and intention.

Dimension II

In practice

How to deal with it

What to do
  • S4Secure purity, dress, direction, and time before raising the opening takbīr.

References

  1. Qurʾān 5:6; 2:144.

    • 1.1

      Q 5:6 — When you rise to prayer, wash your faces and your hands to the elbows… — the condition of ritual purity.

      Established
    • 1.2

      Q 2:144 — So turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Ḥarām — the condition of facing the qiblah.

      Established
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