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Arkān al-Ṣalāh (Integral Pillars)

Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Legal Theory)Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah

The essential acts the prayer is composed of: standing, the opening takbīr, recitation, bowing, prostration, and stillness.

Essence

S1Standing, the opening takbīr, reciting al-Fātiḥah, bowing, prostrating, the final sitting and tashahhud, and stillness in each. [1.1]

Dimension I

Definition

What it is — and what it is not

What it is
  • S2In the Sacred Law — The essential acts the prayer is composed of, whose omission invalidates it.
What it is not
  • S3Distinct from the obligatory but non-invalidating acts (wājibāt) and the recommended ones (sunan).

Dimension II

In practice

How to deal with it

What to do
  • S4Perform each pillar deliberately and with stillness (ṭumaʾnīnah); haste that drops stillness invalidates it.

References

  1. al-Bukhārī, al-Ṣaḥīḥ, no. 757.

    • 1.1

      Ḥadīth 757 — The Prophet corrected a man until he prayed properly, teaching the integral pillars: standing, takbīr, reciting al-Fātiḥah, bowing, prostrating, and stillness (ṭumaʾnīnah) in each.

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