Encyclopedia

E

Encyclopedia

2 parents · 2 chains

Knowledge card

MHD Lorentz Force Term

Mathematical Modelling — Fluid Dynamics & Heat TransferContinuum mechanics; boundary-layer similarity theory

LT⁻²

Symbol

The retarding Lorentz body force opposing the motion; this momentum sink is distinct from Joule heating in the energy balance.

Main equation
Level 0 of 11
Brief — named quantities
About levels

Why the levels load one at a time

Only level 0 travels with this article; the expansion runs to level 11. The complete expansion is several megabytes, so deeper levels are fetched one at a time when you ask for them.

To go deeper still, open any quantity in the reading as its own concept card — it carries its own derivation and its own depth ladder.

Dimension:LT⁻² (m s⁻²)Maths:ℝ scalar(·, ·) — A single number (real numbers), depending on another quantity, another quantityDimensionally verifiedMathematically verifiedFully reduced to base quantities

In words:times.

Equation Workspace

Set known values, calculate unknowns, inspect dependencies, and run numerical solves.

Calculator

Equation workspace

Set the values you know, then calculate the remaining quantities in MHD Lorentz Force Term.

Domain Analysis

Unit status, dimensional trails, per-step checks, and custom unit expressions.

Try your own — the unit calculator

Ever wondered whether a formula “adds up”? This tool answers one plain question: do the units match? Pick a couple of quantities (distance, time, a speed…), join them with ×, ÷, +, or =, and press Run. It works out the resulting unit — for example distance ÷ time gives a speed, LT⁻¹ (metres per second) — and flags anything that can’t be right, like adding a length to a time.

Reads as: J×B

“J×B” is analysed by expanding its full defining equation (its children and their relations), not as a bare symbol. Use Check this concept’s units above for the same result.

Mathematical Analysis

Object type, lawful operations, conditions, comparisons, and derivation-step checks.

Magnetohydrodynamics Equation

Dimension I

Definition

What it is — and what it is not

What it is
  • S1The magnetic body force from a transverse field acting on the conducting fluid.
Boundary of meaning
  • S2Valid only at a small magnetic Reynolds number, where the induced field is negligible. [1.2]
Attributes
  • S3Negative because it opposes the motion (a retarding Lorentz force). [1.1]
Common misconceptions
  • S4This term is the Lorentz BODY FORCE, not “Ohmic heating”: Ohmic (Joule) dissipation σB²u² belongs to the energy equation and is neglected in this model.

Dimension II

In practice

How to deal with it

No practical guidance recorded yet.

Sub-topics 2

Related

References

  1. Escudier & Atkins (2019).

    • 1.1

      Lorentz form — The retarding body force follows the low-magnetic-Reynolds-number MHD form −σ_hnfB²u/ρ_hnf. It is distinct from the Joule energy source σ_hnfB²u².

      Established
    • 1.2

      Time-dependent magnetic field B(t) — The chosen field B₀/√(1−γt) grows without bound as t→1/γ.

      Latent defectTenuousweaker than the source overall (Established)

      A modelling artifact chosen to keep M constant; predictions near the terminal similarity horizon t=1/γ are unphysical.

copyright© owned by Webiscopic Sdn. Bhd. 2026. All right reserved.
vproductionmain @ 5d8445a3